Plantas no nativas introducidas en Nicaragua

Abstract

Invasive species threaten ecosystems and economies; therefore, a comprehensive inventory of non-native species is crucial for effec­tive management and prevention. Although previous estimates existed, Nicaragua lacked a comprehensive and verified list of non-native plant  species until now. This study compiles 487 non-native species across 106 families, classified by invasion status: 247 casual, 188 established, and  51 invasive. Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae are the most represented families, with species primarily originating from tropical Asia, Africa,  and South America. Similar trends in Central America suggest tropical climates facilitate the establishment of non-native species with origin in  the tropics of other regions. To ensure accuracy, taxonomic and geographic verification was conducted using herbarium specimens, however,  the actual number is likely underestimated, highlighting the need for expanded field surveys and citizen science to improve monitoring. This  study underscores the importance of continued research on ecological and economic impacts of invasive species and supports national strategies  aligned with global biodiversity goals